Wood And Wood Types

Written by Administrator April 05, 2006

Interior decorating manufacturers use a large variety of woods to make furniture pieces. Sometimes it's very difficult to identify them, because ageing often disguises wood, altering its original look. Wood used in furniture making is usually divided into two categories: hardwood and softwood. Hardwood comes from deciduous trees - such as birch, oak, cherry or mahogany - while softwood comes from coniferous or cone-bearing trees, such as pine or cedar. In furniture, hardwood is generally used as a primary wood, while softwood is used for backs, bottoms, drawer sides or the interior of cabinets.

Hardwoods

Birch originally looks white or creamy yellow with a bit of red, but can be painted to fit other furniture pieces. It's used for cupboards and interior doors.
Cherry is a very popular hardwood for furniture making. It has a light reddish brown colour, which develops into a rich colour with age. Cherry is softer than other hardwood types.
Mahogany is a strong and relatively hard wood used in furniture making, as well as in decorative objects and ship building. Its natural colour is light pink to reddish brown.
Poplar has a closed grain and is yellow or white, occasionally with a bit of green or dark streak. It is used for the interiors of cabinets, drawers and chests.
Maple is a very hard and close-grained wood, looking white or amber in its original state. Its interesting grain patterns make it very appropriate for decorative use.
Rosewood has a very distinctive look. Its original colour is reddish brown with a dark or ebony grain. Rosewood is very hard and dense and can be given a high lustre finish.
Oak is used on a large scale in furniture making. It is hard and sometimes difficult to work with. White oak has a gray-brown colour, while red oak is brown with a reddish tinge. English oak has a deeper brown colour.
Walnut is also highly used in furniture making. American black walnut is more common, while European walnut is rather scarce and also more expensive. It has some interesting grains, either straight or swirl and it is gray to brown coloured, occasionally with purple streaks.

Softwoods

Pine can have either a white cream to tan or a yellow with brown grains colour. There's also a pine species with a lot of knots. Pine sometimes develops towards a blotchy look.
Cedar is a close-grained pink to brown softwood, used for both interior and exterior work, due to its high resistance. It also has a strong odour that keeps insects away and this is why it's often used to line closets used for garments storage.
Redwood is also resistant and used for exterior woodwork. Its original colour is red and is sometimes used for outside furniture.

When you purchase new furniture pieces it's important to recognize the wood with which it's built, and determine whether it is resistant enough and its appearance will not alter over time. Identifying the wood type is also important when you want to restore old furniture, especially as it may have changed in appearance a lot over time.

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Wood And Wood Types

Hardwoods

Softwoods

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